How many stages are there in marketing?

[vatsallya-lamgadey-926c32c9 (Vatsallya Lamgadey)]

There are five stages in marketing:

According to the Evolution of Marketing Philip Kotler, marketing has progressed through five stages since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution:

1. the production era,
2. the product era, the selling era,
3. the marketing era and
4. the holistic era.