What is Nmap?

Nmap is a tool which is used for finding networks and in security auditing.

Nmap is now one of the core tools used by network administrators to map their networks. The program can be used to find live hosts on a network, perform port scanning, ping sweeps, OS detection, and version detection.
While civil and (especially) criminal court cases are the nightmare scenario for Nmap users, these are very rare. After all, no United States federal laws explicitly criminalize port scanning. Unauthorized port scanning, for any reason, is strictly prohibited.