The Turing test was developed by Alan Turing(Computer scientist) in 1950. He proposed that the “Turing test is used to determine whether or not a computer(machine) can think intelligently like humans”?
Imagine a game of three players having two humans and one computer, an interrogator(as a human) is isolated from the other two players. The interrogator’s job is to try and figure out which one is human and which one is a computer by asking questions from both of them. To make things a harder computer is trying to make the interrogator guess wrongly. In other words, computers would try to be indistinguishable from humans as much as possible.
The “standard interpretation” of the Turing Test, in which player C, the interrogator, is given the task of trying to determine which player – A or B – is a computer and which is a human. The interrogator is limited to using the responses to written questions to make the determination
The conversation between interrogator and computer would be like this:
C(Interrogator): Are you a computer?
A(Computer): No
C: Multiply one large number to another, 158745887 * 56755647
A: After a long pause, an incorrect answer!
C: Add 5478012, 4563145
A: (Pause about 20 seconds and then give as answer)10041157
If the interrogator wouldn’t be able to distinguish the answers provided by both humans and computers then the computer passes the test and the machine(computer) is considered as intelligent as a human. In other words, a computer would be considered intelligent if its conversation couldn’t be easily distinguished from a human’s. The whole conversation would be limited to a text-only channel such as a computer keyboard and screen.
He also proposed that by the year 2000 a computer “would be able to play the imitation game so well that an average interrogator will not have more than a 70-percent chance of making the right identification (machine or human) after five minutes of questioning.” No computer has come close to this standard.