What do you mean by bitcoin mining?

Blockchain
#1

Bitcoin mining is carried out by high-powered computers that tackle challenging computational arithmetic problems that are too difficult to complete by hand and complex enough to drain even the most powerful computers. Bitcoin mining has a two-fold effect. First, when computers on the bitcoin network solve these difficult arithmetic problems, they generate new bitcoin (not unlike when a mining operation extracts gold from the ground). Second, bitcoin miners make the bitcoin payment network trustworthy and secure by validating transaction information by solving computational math problems.
A transaction is when someone sends bitcoin somewhere. Banks, point-of-sale systems, and physical receipts all keep track of in-store and online transactions. Bitcoin miners do this by grouping transactions into “blocks” and adding them to a public ledger known as the “blockchain.” Nodes then keep track of those blocks in order to verify them in the future.
Part of bitcoin miners’ duty is to ensure that fresh blocks of transactions are accurate before they are added to the network. Bitcoin miners, in particular, ensure that bitcoin is not copied, a peculiar feature of digital currencies known as double-spending. Counterfeiting is always a concern with printed currency. However, after you spend $10 at a store, the cashier usually has your bill. But it’s a different thing with digital currency.
Since digital information is very easy to duplicate, there is a danger that a spender might make a replica of their bitcoin and transmit it to a third party while keeping the original.

#2

Bitcoin mining is the process of verifying bitcoin transactions and recording them in the public blockchain ledger. In blockchain, the transactions are verified by bitcoin users, so basically the transactions have to be verified by the participants of the network. Those who have the required hardware and computing power are called miners.

For an example in current situation 12 bitcoin extracted through mining at the end of 2019 or in the starting of 2020 the halving will take place in this the extraction of bitcoin through mining will going to decreases from 12 to 6 from which the price of bitcoin will go high as the demand is high and it will going to increase but the supply is going down which will make the price go high and higher .halving took place in every 5 year